We track privacy and data protection developments across US federal and state law. Every article is reported from the underlying documents — statutes, agency orders, court filings and official registries — and links them so you can check the reporting yourself. We are not attorneys and none of this is legal advice. How we report.
Canada (PIPEDA)
September 21, 2026
Two federal exemption orders registered on the same day in 2004 let Alberta's and British Columbia's private-sector privacy statutes displace PIPEDA inside each province. The Acts share a name and identical fine ceilings, but only Alberta's requires breach reporting, they define employee information and treat non-profits differently, and BC has credit-reporting amendments due in 2027.
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Brazil (LGPD)
September 21, 2026
The LGPD says a controller must appoint an encarregado and publish how to reach them, and leaves the rest to the regulator. Resolution CD/ANPD No. 18 of 16 July 2024 supplies it: a written, dated and signed act of appointment, a named substitute, a minimum content for the public notice, five duties the organisation owes its encarregado, and a conflict-of-interest regime that can lead to sanctions.
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China (PIPL)
September 21, 2026
The Regulations on Network Data Security Management are an administrative regulation of the State Council, made to implement three statutes at once rather than one. They define who a network data processor is, add concrete rules on privacy notices, portability and personalised recommendation, impose annual risk reporting on holders of important data, and set their own fine schedule.
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China (PIPL)
September 21, 2026
Article 54 of China's Personal Information Protection Law has required regular compliance audits since November 2021, without saying how often, by whom or against what. The CAC's Measures for Personal Information Protection Compliance Audits, in force since 1 May 2025, supply those answers, and add a second route by which a regulator can order an outside audit at the processor's expense.
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State Comprehensive Privacy Laws
September 21, 2026
Substitute Senate Bill 1295 became Public Act 25-113 on June 24, 2025. Its Data Privacy Act sections took effect together on July 1, 2026: a lower threshold, two no-threshold triggers, more sensitive data, profiling rights, impact assessments and a ban on selling teenagers' data. Public Act 26-64 amends several of the same sections again from October 1, 2026.
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Cross-Border Transfers
September 21, 2026
Executive Order 14117 directed the Attorney General to bar or condition transactions that give six foreign governments, and persons tied to them, access to Americans' bulk sensitive data. The resulting rule, 28 CFR part 202, took effect April 8, 2025. Its due diligence, audit and reporting duties followed on October 6, 2025. The only change to the text since publication is a one-line correction.
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Data Security Rules
September 21, 2026
The Justice Department launched the Civil Cyber-Fraud Initiative on October 6, 2021 to pursue government contractors and grantees under the False Claims Act for knowing cybersecurity failures. This publication located sixteen resolved matters announced in DOJ releases through September 1, 2026, totaling about $69.1 million. Every one settled, and most began as whistleblower suits.
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India (DPDP Act)
September 21, 2026
The Data Protection Board of India was established by Gazette notification on 13 November 2025, with its head office in the National Capital Region. MeitY invited applications for a Chairperson and four Members in May 2026, and no appointment had been notified by 21 September 2026. This explainer covers its staffing, its digital procedure and which of its powers are not yet in force.
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India (DPDP Act)
September 21, 2026
Section 8(6) of India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act requires a Data Fiduciary to tell the Data Protection Board and each affected individual about a personal data breach, and rule 7 of the 2025 Rules fills in the content and a 72-hour clock. Both sit in the commencement tranche that starts eighteen months after 13 November 2025, while CERT-In's six-hour incident reporting already applies.
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Brazil (LGPD)
September 21, 2026
Resolution CD/ANPD No. 2 of 2022 gives micro and small enterprises, startups, non-profits and individuals acting as controllers or processors a lighter version of the LGPD: a simplified record of processing, no mandatory encarregado, and doubled deadlines. Three exclusions take it away, the ANPD can withdraw it case by case, and a 2024 regulation rewrote one deadline rule.
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State Comprehensive Privacy Laws
September 21, 2026
Chapter 121 of the Laws of 2024 added article 39-FF, sections 899-ee to 899-mm, to New York's General Business Law. It has applied since June 20, 2025 to operators whose users are known minors or whose services are primarily directed to minors. The Attorney General issued an advance notice in 2024 and implementation guidance in May 2025, but has not published proposed rules.
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Canada (PIPEDA)
September 21, 2026
The Guidelines for obtaining meaningful consent were issued jointly by the federal Privacy Commissioner and the Alberta and British Columbia commissioners in May 2018 and last modified in August 2025. They set seven principles, four elements that must be emphasised, three triggers for express consent and an under-13 position on children, and label each item an obligation or a best practice.
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